Colombia: Facts & Stats

Demographics

Population:

45 million inhabitants (April 2009) Density: 40 inhabitants per sq. km Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the third largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico and Spain.

Colombia is divided into 32 departments and one capital district, which is treated as a department (Bogotá also serves as the capital of the department of Cundinamarca).

The five largest cities:

• Bogotá 7,363,494
• Medellín 2,223,078
• Santiago de Cali 2,068,386
• Barranquilla 1,429,031
• Cartagena 1,001,044

Welfare:

Colombian government tries to develop different social programs. Social security programs include health and maternity benefits, workers’ compensation, and allowances for those unable to work. The social gap between poor and rich people of Colombia is great. Colombia has a high rate of unemployment. Approximately 50% of the Colombian population is below the poverty line. Many children in Colombia suffer from acute malnutrition. Illiteracy in Colombia is 7.6%.

Healthcare in Colombia refers to the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions in the Republic of Colombia. A social security system was set up to provide extensive benefits for all workers. Housing, however, has become a problem in cities because of the movement of workers from rural areas, especially during periods of economic difficulty.

Education:

The education in Colombia includes : nursery school, elementary school, high school and technical instruction and college education.

• nursery school: for children up to 5 years old


• elementary school: for children from 6-12 years old


• secondary school: for teenagers from 13-16 years old


• mid secondary: for teenagers from 16-18

The school year lasts from February to November or from August to June.

High-school may enter into a professional program offered by a university; these programs last up to 5 years for technical, technological and intermediate professional education, and post-graduate studies, even up to 6-7 years for some careers, such as medicine. There are public and private universities in Colombia.

The government spends about 5% of gross domestic product on education. This is one of the highest figure in Latin America. School education in Columbia continuos 12.4 years. More than 90% of teenagers aged 15 can read and write. This is a good result of educational policy, which is slightly higher than in Latin America in general.

Religion:

The predominantly religion in Colombia is Roman Catholic. Historically, about 90% have identified themselves as Roman Catholic according to different surveys.

Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and other laws and policies contribute to the generally free practice of religion.

The Colombian Constitution of 1991 abolished the previous condition of the Roman Catholic Church as state church.

The population according to confessions divides in the same way:

• 81% Roman Catholic.


• 10% Non-evangelical Christians


• 3.5% Evangelical Christians


• 1.9% No religious beliefs


• 3.6% Other faiths:


• Seventh-day Adventist Church: about 180,000 members


• The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: about 130,000 members


• Jehovah's Witnesses: about 120,000 members.


• Judaism: between 5,000 and 10,000 members.


• Islam: figures unknown, probably below 2,000.

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